Elephant are prone to a variety of infectious disease including tuberculosis, which pose a significant risk to the future conservation of captive and wild Asian elephant populations. Tuberculosis is well documented in Nepal, and previous research has laid foundations for control and management of the disease. However, further research and recommendations are required, particularly to identify and minimize disease risk factors. The study aimed to develop a molecular diagnostics too for the detection of tuberculosis at the human-captive and captive-wild interface it is hoped that tuberculosis transmission to wild populations and humans will be prevented. It is foreseen that research findings may be applied to any elephant range country in which tuberculosis infects human and animal populations. This work is being carried out in collaboration with DNPWC and Murdoch University (Australia).